django-modeltranslation/modeltranslation/translator.py

477 lines
20 KiB
Python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.utils.six import with_metaclass
from django.db.models import Manager, ForeignKey, OneToOneField
from django.db.models.base import ModelBase
from django.db.models.signals import post_init
from modeltranslation import settings as mt_settings
from modeltranslation.fields import (NONE, create_translation_field, TranslationFieldDescriptor,
TranslatedRelationIdDescriptor,
LanguageCacheSingleObjectDescriptor)
from modeltranslation.manager import MultilingualManager, rewrite_lookup_key
from modeltranslation.utils import build_localized_fieldname, parse_field
class AlreadyRegistered(Exception):
pass
class NotRegistered(Exception):
pass
class DescendantRegistered(Exception):
pass
class FieldsAggregationMetaClass(type):
"""
Metaclass to handle custom inheritance of fields between classes.
"""
def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
attrs['fields'] = set(attrs.get('fields', ()))
for base in bases:
if isinstance(base, FieldsAggregationMetaClass):
attrs['fields'].update(base.fields)
attrs['fields'] = tuple(attrs['fields'])
return super(FieldsAggregationMetaClass, cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
class TranslationOptions(with_metaclass(FieldsAggregationMetaClass, object)):
"""
Translatable fields are declared by registering a model using
``TranslationOptions`` class with appropriate ``fields`` attribute.
Model-specific fallback values and languages can also be given as class
attributes.
Options instances hold info about translatable fields for a model and its
superclasses. The ``local_fields`` and ``fields`` attributes are mappings
from fields to sets of their translation fields; ``local_fields`` contains
only those fields that are handled in the model's database table (those
inherited from abstract superclasses, unless there is a concrete superclass
in between in the inheritance chain), while ``fields`` also includes fields
inherited from concrete supermodels (giving all translated fields available
on a model).
``related`` attribute inform whether this model is related part of some relation
with translated model. This model may be not translated itself.
``related_fields`` contains names of reverse lookup fields.
"""
def __init__(self, model):
"""
Create fields dicts without any translation fields.
"""
self.model = model
self.registered = False
self.related = False
self.local_fields = dict((f, set()) for f in self.fields)
self.fields = dict((f, set()) for f in self.fields)
self.related_fields = []
def update(self, other):
"""
Update with options from a superclass.
"""
if other.model._meta.abstract:
self.local_fields.update(other.local_fields)
self.fields.update(other.fields)
def add_translation_field(self, field, translation_field):
"""
Add a new translation field to both fields dicts.
"""
self.local_fields[field].add(translation_field)
self.fields[field].add(translation_field)
def get_field_names(self):
"""
Return name of all fields that can be used in filtering.
"""
return list(self.fields.keys()) + self.related_fields
def __str__(self):
local = tuple(self.local_fields.keys())
inherited = tuple(set(self.fields.keys()) - set(local))
return '%s: %s + %s' % (self.__class__.__name__, local, inherited)
def add_translation_fields(model, opts):
"""
Monkey patches the original model class to provide additional fields for
every language.
Adds newly created translation fields to the given translation options.
"""
model_empty_values = getattr(opts, 'empty_values', NONE)
for field_name in opts.local_fields.keys():
field_empty_value = parse_field(model_empty_values, field_name, NONE)
for l in mt_settings.AVAILABLE_LANGUAGES:
# Create a dynamic translation field
translation_field = create_translation_field(
model=model, field_name=field_name, lang=l, empty_value=field_empty_value)
# Construct the name for the localized field
localized_field_name = build_localized_fieldname(field_name, l)
# Check if the model already has a field by that name
if hasattr(model, localized_field_name):
raise ValueError(
"Error adding translation field. Model '%s' already contains a field named"
"'%s'." % (model._meta.object_name, localized_field_name))
# This approach implements the translation fields as full valid
# django model fields and therefore adds them via add_to_class
model.add_to_class(localized_field_name, translation_field)
opts.add_translation_field(field_name, translation_field)
# Rebuild information about parents fields. If there are opts.local_fields, field cache would be
# invalidated (by model._meta.add_field() function). Otherwise, we need to do it manually.
if len(opts.local_fields) == 0:
model._meta._fill_fields_cache()
def add_manager(model):
"""
Monkey patches the original model to use MultilingualManager instead of
default managers (not only ``objects``, but also every manager defined and inherited).
Custom managers are merged with MultilingualManager.
"""
if model._meta.abstract:
return
for _, attname, cls in model._meta.concrete_managers + model._meta.abstract_managers:
current_manager = getattr(model, attname)
if isinstance(current_manager, MultilingualManager):
continue
prev_class = current_manager.__class__
if current_manager.__class__ is Manager:
current_manager.__class__ = MultilingualManager
else:
class NewMultilingualManager(MultilingualManager, current_manager.__class__):
pass
current_manager.__class__ = NewMultilingualManager
if model._default_manager.__class__ is prev_class:
# Normally model._default_manager is a reference to one of model's managers
# (and would be patched by the way).
# However, in some rare situations (mostly proxy models)
# model._default_manager is not the same instance as one of managers, but it
# share the same class.
model._default_manager.__class__ = current_manager.__class__
def patch_constructor(model):
"""
Monkey patches the original model to rewrite fields names in __init__
"""
old_init = model.__init__
def new_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self._mt_init = True
if not self._deferred:
populate_translation_fields(self.__class__, kwargs)
for key, val in list(kwargs.items()):
new_key = rewrite_lookup_key(model, key)
# Old key is intentionally left in case old_init wants to play with it
kwargs.setdefault(new_key, val)
old_init(self, *args, **kwargs)
model.__init__ = new_init
def delete_mt_init(sender, instance, **kwargs):
if hasattr(instance, '_mt_init'):
del instance._mt_init
def patch_clean_fields(model):
"""
Patch clean_fields method to handle different form types submission.
"""
old_clean_fields = model.clean_fields
def new_clean_fields(self, exclude=None):
if hasattr(self, '_mt_form_pending_clear'):
# Some form translation fields has been marked as clearing value.
# Check if corresponding translated field was also saved (not excluded):
# - if yes, it seems like form for MT-unaware app. Ignore clearing (left value from
# translated field unchanged), as if field was omitted from form
# - if no, then proceed as normally: clear the field
for field_name, value in self._mt_form_pending_clear.items():
field = self._meta.get_field(field_name)
orig_field_name = field.translated_field.name
if orig_field_name in exclude:
field.save_form_data(self, value, check=False)
delattr(self, '_mt_form_pending_clear')
old_clean_fields(self, exclude)
model.clean_fields = new_clean_fields
def patch_metaclass(model):
"""
Monkey patches original model metaclass to exclude translated fields on deferred subclasses.
"""
old_mcs = model.__class__
class translation_deferred_mcs(old_mcs):
"""
This metaclass is essential for deferred subclasses (obtained via only/defer) to work.
When deferred subclass is created, some translated fields descriptors could be overridden
by DeferredAttribute - which would cause translation retrieval to fail.
Prevent this from happening with deleting those attributes from class being created.
This metaclass would be called from django.db.models.query_utils.deferred_class_factory
"""
def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
if attrs.get('_deferred', False):
opts = translator.get_options_for_model(model)
for field_name in opts.fields.keys():
attrs.pop(field_name, None)
return super(translation_deferred_mcs, cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
# Assign to __metaclass__ wouldn't work, since metaclass search algorithm check for __class__.
# http://docs.python.org/2/reference/datamodel.html#__metaclass__
model.__class__ = translation_deferred_mcs
def delete_cache_fields(model):
opts = model._meta
cached_attrs = ('_field_cache', '_field_name_cache', '_name_map', 'fields', 'concrete_fields',
'local_concrete_fields')
for attr in cached_attrs:
try:
delattr(opts, attr)
except AttributeError:
pass
def populate_translation_fields(sender, kwargs):
"""
When models are created or loaded from fixtures, replicates values
provided for translatable fields to some / all empty translation fields,
according to the current population mode.
Population is performed only on keys (field names) present in kwargs.
Nothing is returned, but passed kwargs dictionary is altered.
With ``mode`` set to:
-- ``all``: fills all translation fields, skipping just those for
which a translated value is also provided;
-- ``default``: fills only the default translation (unless it is
additionally provided);
-- ``required``: like ``default``, but only if the original field is
non-nullable;
At least the ``required`` mode should be used when loading untranslated
fixtures to keep the database consistent (note that Django management
commands are normally forced to run with hardcoded ``en-us`` language
active). The ``default`` mode is useful if you need to ensure fallback
values are available, and ``all`` if you need to have all translations
defined (for example to make lookups / filtering without resorting to
query fallbacks).
"""
populate = mt_settings.AUTO_POPULATE
if not populate:
return
if populate is True:
# What was meant by ``True`` is now called ``all``.
populate = 'all'
opts = translator.get_options_for_model(sender)
for key, val in list(kwargs.items()):
if key in opts.fields:
if populate == 'all':
# Set the value for every language.
for translation_field in opts.fields[key]:
kwargs.setdefault(translation_field.name, val)
elif populate == 'default':
default = build_localized_fieldname(key, mt_settings.DEFAULT_LANGUAGE)
kwargs.setdefault(default, val)
elif populate == 'required':
default = build_localized_fieldname(key, mt_settings.DEFAULT_LANGUAGE)
if not sender._meta.get_field(key).null:
kwargs.setdefault(default, val)
else:
raise AttributeError("Unknown population mode '%s'." % populate)
def patch_related_object_descriptor_caching(ro_descriptor):
"""
Patch SingleRelatedObjectDescriptor or ReverseSingleRelatedObjectDescriptor to use
language-aware caching.
"""
class NewSingleObjectDescriptor(LanguageCacheSingleObjectDescriptor, ro_descriptor.__class__):
pass
ro_descriptor.accessor = ro_descriptor.related.get_accessor_name()
ro_descriptor.__class__ = NewSingleObjectDescriptor
class Translator(object):
"""
A Translator object encapsulates an instance of a translator. Models are
registered with the Translator using the register() method.
"""
def __init__(self):
# All seen models (model class -> ``TranslationOptions`` instance).
self._registry = {}
def register(self, model_or_iterable, opts_class=None, **options):
"""
Registers the given model(s) with the given translation options.
The model(s) should be Model classes, not instances.
Fields declared for translation on a base class are inherited by
subclasses. If the model or one of its subclasses is already
registered for translation, this will raise an exception.
"""
if isinstance(model_or_iterable, ModelBase):
model_or_iterable = [model_or_iterable]
for model in model_or_iterable:
# Ensure that a base is not registered after a subclass (_registry
# is closed with respect to taking bases, so we can just check if
# we've seen the model).
if model in self._registry:
if self._registry[model].registered:
raise AlreadyRegistered(
'Model "%s" is already registered for translation' %
model.__name__)
else:
descendants = [d.__name__ for d in self._registry.keys()
if issubclass(d, model) and d != model]
raise DescendantRegistered(
'Model "%s" cannot be registered after its subclass'
' "%s"' % (model.__name__, descendants[0]))
# Find inherited fields and create options instance for the model.
opts = self._get_options_for_model(model, opts_class, **options)
# Mark the object explicitly as registered -- registry caches
# options of all models, registered or not.
opts.registered = True
# Add translation fields to the model.
add_translation_fields(model, opts)
# Delete all fields cache for related model (parent and children)
for related_obj in model._meta.get_all_related_objects():
delete_cache_fields(related_obj.model)
# Set MultilingualManager
add_manager(model)
# Patch __init__ to rewrite fields
patch_constructor(model)
# Connect signal for model
post_init.connect(delete_mt_init, sender=model)
# Patch clean_fields to verify form field clearing
patch_clean_fields(model)
# Patch __metaclass__ to allow deferring to work
patch_metaclass(model)
# Substitute original field with descriptor
model_fallback_languages = getattr(opts, 'fallback_languages', None)
model_fallback_values = getattr(opts, 'fallback_values', NONE)
model_fallback_undefined = getattr(opts, 'fallback_undefined', NONE)
for field_name in opts.local_fields.keys():
field = model._meta.get_field(field_name)
field_fallback_value = parse_field(model_fallback_values, field_name, NONE)
field_fallback_undefined = parse_field(model_fallback_undefined, field_name, NONE)
descriptor = TranslationFieldDescriptor(
field,
fallback_languages=model_fallback_languages,
fallback_value=field_fallback_value,
fallback_undefined=field_fallback_undefined)
setattr(model, field_name, descriptor)
if isinstance(field, ForeignKey):
# We need to use a special descriptor so that
# _id fields on translated ForeignKeys work
# as expected.
desc = TranslatedRelationIdDescriptor(field_name, model_fallback_languages)
setattr(model, field.get_attname(), desc)
# Set related field names on other model
if not field.rel.is_hidden():
other_opts = self._get_options_for_model(field.rel.to)
other_opts.related = True
other_opts.related_fields.append(field.related_query_name())
add_manager(field.rel.to) # Add manager in case of non-registered model
if isinstance(field, OneToOneField):
# Fix translated_field caching for SingleRelatedObjectDescriptor
sro_descriptor = getattr(field.rel.to, field.related.get_accessor_name())
patch_related_object_descriptor_caching(sro_descriptor)
def unregister(self, model_or_iterable):
"""
Unregisters the given model(s).
If a model isn't registered, this will raise NotRegistered. If one of
its subclasses is registered, DescendantRegistered will be raised.
"""
if isinstance(model_or_iterable, ModelBase):
model_or_iterable = [model_or_iterable]
for model in model_or_iterable:
# Check if the model is actually registered (``get_options_for_model``
# throws an exception if it's not).
self.get_options_for_model(model)
# Invalidate all submodels options and forget about
# the model itself.
for desc, desc_opts in list(self._registry.items()):
if not issubclass(desc, model):
continue
if model != desc and desc_opts.registered:
# Allowing to unregister a base would necessitate
# repatching all submodels.
raise DescendantRegistered(
'You need to unregister descendant "%s" before'
' unregistering its base "%s"' %
(desc.__name__, model.__name__))
del self._registry[desc]
def get_registered_models(self, abstract=True):
"""
Returns a list of all registered models, or just concrete
registered models.
"""
return [model for (model, opts) in self._registry.items()
if opts.registered and (not model._meta.abstract or abstract)]
def _get_options_for_model(self, model, opts_class=None, **options):
"""
Returns an instance of translation options with translated fields
defined for the ``model`` and inherited from superclasses.
"""
if model not in self._registry:
# Create a new type for backwards compatibility.
opts = type("%sTranslationOptions" % model.__name__,
(opts_class or TranslationOptions,), options)(model)
# Fields for translation may be inherited from abstract
# superclasses, so we need to look at all parents.
for base in model.__bases__:
if not hasattr(base, '_meta'):
# Things without _meta aren't functional models, so they're
# uninteresting parents.
continue
opts.update(self._get_options_for_model(base))
# Cache options for all models -- we may want to compute options
# of registered subclasses of unregistered models.
self._registry[model] = opts
return self._registry[model]
def get_options_for_model(self, model):
"""
Thin wrapper around ``_get_options_for_model`` to preserve the
semantic of throwing exception for models not directly registered.
"""
opts = self._get_options_for_model(model)
if not opts.registered and not opts.related:
raise NotRegistered('The model "%s" is not registered for '
'translation' % model.__name__)
return opts
# This global object represents the singleton translator object
translator = Translator()